Section under construction
By default, Linux distributions do not generally enable IOMMU groups, a prerequisite to share real hardware to virtual machines using modern virtualization techniques.
# sed -i 's/\(quiet\)/\1 intel_iommu=on iommu=pt rd.driver.pre=vfio-pci/i' /etc/default/grub # Load kernel modules in GRUB.
iommu=ptmakes sure that only devices that can be pass to a virtual machine will be flagged as such.rd.driver.pre=vfio-pcimakes sure that thevfio-pcidriver is loaded early in the boot process.
# sed -i 's/\(quiet\)/\1 iommu=pt rd.driver.pre=vfio-pci/i' /etc/default/grub # Load kernel modules in GRUB.
$ cat /etc/default/grub
Then, one needs to regenerate GRUB.
# update-grub
Section under construction
Nested virtualization is rarely enabled on Linux distributions.
echo "options kvm_intel nested=1" >> /etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf
echo "options kvm_amd nested=1" >> /etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf
enable_shadow_vmcs=1 to kvm.conf. It should look like that:cat /etc/modprobe.d/kvm.conf
options kvm_intel nested=1 enable_shadow_vmcs=1
This list is only concerned about kernel modules that relates to virtualization. Their description can be found using the modinfo command.
kvm_intel # ""
kvm_amd # ""
kvm # Kernel virtual machine module for Linux
vfio_pci # "VFIO PCI - User Level meta-driver"
vfio_virqfd # "IRQFD support for VFIO bus drivers"
vfio_iommu_type1 # "Type1 IOMMU driver for VFIO"
vfio # "VFIO - User Level meta-driver"
vfio_mdev # "VFIO based driver for Mediated device"
mdev # "Mediated device Core Driver"
vhost_net # "Host kernel accelerator for virtio net"
vhost # "Host kernel accelerator for virtio"
vhost_iotlb # "VHOST IOTLB"
tap # ""
tun # "Universal TUN/TAP device driver"
virtio_net # "Virtio network driver"
virtio_balloon # "Virtio balloon driver"
virtio_blk # "Virtio block driver"
virtio_console # "Virtio console driver"
virtio_scsi # "Virtio SCSI HBA driver"
virtio_gpu # "Virtio GPU driver"
virtio_dma_buf #
qemu_fw_cfg # "QEMU fw_cfg sysfs support"
irqbypass # "IRQ bypass manager utility module"
net_failover # "Failover driver for Paravirtual drivers"
failover # "Generic failover infrastructure/interface"